Riveting tool



J. E. F. GoBlN Dn DAUDE 2,378,546

RIVETING TOOL Filed Aug. 8, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet l June 19, 1945.

June 19, 194.5 ,.1. E. F. `Golem Dn 'AUDE 2,378,546

RIVETING TOOL Filed Aug. 8, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 my 2 y 12 f2 2% J3 .411' V 23 S Il l ,2 j 6 I s 9 16 2 l A A 23 15 l \20 Y 1a lf- .4 5 4 ,Zflwenom .15A/v EM/f FRA /vc o/s Gpa//v o/w05 June 19, 1945- J. E. F. GoBlN nn' DAUDE 2,378,546

` A RIVETING TooL Filed Aug. 8, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Ir-fu.,

Patented June 19., 1945 vUNiTiaD STATE s Parr-ENTv OFFICE RIVETING 'rooL Jean Emile Franois `Gobinv dit Daud, Neuilly,- l

sur-Seine, France; vested in the Alien Property Custodian ApplicationAugust 8, 1941, Serial No. 406,072

In Francev February 8, 1941 claims. (o1. 21S-1 9)v The present invention relates to riveted joints and more especially to those in which it is not possible to have access 'to one ofthe sides of the y joint for riveting purposes.

The object of the present invention is to prol vide a riveting tool which is better adapted to meet the`A requirements of practice than those used for the same purpose up to this time.

It has already been suggested, in the case of a riveted joint of the type above referred'to, to make -use of a hollow or tubular rivet provided, at one end(the outer or accessible end) with a flange adapted to bear againstA the corresponding face of the joint, and, at the other end (inner end located on .the side of the .joint which is not l accessible) with anchoring means adapted to cooperate temporarily with a pulling tool engaged inthe hollow rivet. Such a rivet was introduced, v

from ,the outer side (or .fron-t side) of the joint, into the holes providedvin the partsI of the joint, after which it was subjected, throughv any suitable means, to a combined compression exerted on the outer end and traction exerted on the inner end. The rivet was thus axially compressed and deformedso as to form a flange-like' annular bulge against the rear face of the joint. The pulling member was 'then removed and the operationA was finished.

According to an essential feature of the present invention, I provide a hollow rivet the'inner end of which forms at least one inward projection adapted to cooperate with a corresponding portion of the pulling element of the riveting tool, said portionl being adapted, in a relative position bodiment of the invention;

thereof, to be introduced through the `hollow of the-rivet past thev restricted orifice left by the inward projection thereof, and, inl anotherr relay tive position, to bear against said projection so as to enable the pulling element of the riveting tool to crush the rivet in such manner as toform the-desired'annular bulge against the rear face ofthe joint.l

According to 'another 'feature of the present invention, thel riveting tool includes a mandrel adapted to ll with a slight play at least a part of the portion of the rivet that is to be'deformed under the effect ofthe axial compression thereof, so as to avoid an inward deformation ofv this portion.

to the accompanying drawings, given merely `by way of example, and in which: I

Fig. v1 is a large scale axial sectionof a r1vet,

together with the riveting tool inserted therein,

the wholebeing made according to a first ern- Fi'g. 2 is a view, similar to Fig. 1, showing the parts in a position corresponding to a lfurther step of the' operation; 1

Fig. s is a section on the une r11- III of Fig. 1; Fig. lis a sectional view of the rivet, after fixation thereof 4 y Figs. 5, 6 and 'l'. are three sectional views illustrating three successive steps of the manufacture yof a rivet of the kindshown by Figs. 1 and 2;

Fig. 8 is a View similar to Fig. l', showing a riveting tool made accordingr to a second embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 9 is a partial View of the tool` of Fig. 8, showing another-'step of the riveting operation, to` wit theend of this operation;

Fig. 10is a sectional view on the line X-X of Fig. 8;'

Fig.` 11 shows, on an enlargedscale, the upper rivet bears against the front face of the joint.

' Near its inner (or rear) end, member Iris provided with an inward projection obtained by deformation of the metal thereof.

-According to an embodiment of the invention `(illustrated by Figs. `1 to 4), `this inward projec- Other features of' the present invention will result from the following vdetailed description of some speciiicembodiments thereof.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be hereinafter described, with referencel tion forms an rannular linner ridge 3. Advantageously, the portion 4 of this ridge which faces the inner end of the rivet is a frusto-conical surface-of largeapex angle (170 for instance) having its smallerbase closer to the inner end of the rivet than its larger base.

This ridge 3 is positioned on the rivet shank at such a distance from the inner end thereof that a blind space 5 of a height approximating the diameter of said rivet is formed beyond said ridge. y y

` The riveting tool to be used with a rivet of this kind includes the following chief elements:

a. A supporting element for the rivet, having for instance the shape of a finger on which the rivet can be slipped;

b. An abutment E for ange 2;

c. A pulling member including an expanding head with gripping means 1, this head being capable, in the retracted position of said means 'I, of passing lthrough the aperture left by projection 3;

d. Means for causing said head to expand so that means 'I come into engagement with surface 4; and

e. Means for causing the expanding head and abutment 6 to move toward each other, so as to obtain the axial compression of the shank and the formation of flange 8 (Fig. 4).

Of course, the specic construction of this riveting tool, the chief characteristic of which is the provision of the expanding head thereof, with its gripping means and the means for expanding gral with a finger II adapted to act as an inner support for the rivet;

b. Two small levers I2 pivoted to `the free end of this linger II and each provided, at its end, with a hook 'I;

c. A pulling rod I3 slidable axially in said finger I I and provided, at its upper end, with a cam I4 capable, bycoacting with parts I2 and I2', of expanding or retracting hooks 'I according as rod I3* is being pulled or, on the contrary, pushed, respectively; and

d. A lever I6, pivoted about a spindle I5 carried by body 9, and adapted, when pivoted downwardly, rst to pull rod I3 downwardly, so as to expand hooks previously introduced into chamber 5, and then to pull stirrup I0 downwardly, so as to compress the rivet shank and to form flange 8. A spring I5 encircling the spindle I5 with one end connected to the lever I6 and its other end abutting the body member B, is arranged to' normally press the lever I6 downwardly in opposition to springs I8 and 22 hereinafter described.

For this purpose, inclined edges I'I, carried by lever I6,are adapted rst to push, against the action of a spring I8, small rollers I9 mounted on a spindle rigid with rod I3 and the ends of which are engaged in slots 2| provided in the wall of stirrup I0 (Figs. l to 3), so as to move said rollers downwardly. Of course, these slots are made of such a length that the relative displacementof rod I3 with respect to s-tirrup I n is stopped when hooks 'I are moved apart the desired distance.

It will be readily understood that, once the play provided by slots 2| has been caught up, the movement of spindle 20 causes stirrup I0 to be displaced downwardly against the action of spring 22.

The displacement of lever I6 in the opposed direction causes, after the riveting operation has been performed, stirrup I0, and therefore hooks 'I, to be moved upwardly, and said hooks to be brought close to each other into the relative position illustrated by Fig. l, after which finger II can be removed from the inside `of the rivet.

Of course, the rivets to be utilised for carrying out the invention as just above explained may be made in any suitable manner. However, I have found that it is advantageous to have kit recourse to the method illustrated by Figs. 5 to 7 inclusive.

According to this method, I start from a stamped blank the inner end of which is preferably semi-spherical (Fig. 5).

The shank is Ithen deformed, at the proper level, so as to form an inward projection 31 of the shape shown by Fig. 6, which includes no undercut portion for the shaping tool.

I then introduced into the shank thus shaped a mandrel 23 of a diameter corresponding to that of said shank and capable of supporting the lower portion of inner ridge 3l, as shown by Fig. 6.

Finally, I exert an axial .thrust on the upper end of the shank by means of a concave punch 24, while mandrel 23 is maintained in position. Under the effect of this thrust, the, lower portion of inner ridge 31, which is supported by mandrel 23, keeps its initial shape, but the upper portion of said ridge vis deformed and given the inclination above described which is to be obtained for surface 4 (Fig. 7).

Of course, if necessary, I provide means for preventing deformation of said lower portion of ridge 3l when punch 24 is acting on the rivet shank, said means consisting, for instance, of an abutment 23 rigid with mandrel 23 and against which the flange 2 of the rivet comes to bear.

I will now describe a second embodiment of my invention illustrated by Figs. 8 to 13.

In this case, I give the metal shank, otherwise made as above described, instead of the inner annular ridge 3, at least one inward projection extendingV over only a portion of the periphery of said shank.

The riveting tool is provided with a head carrying, preferably in a fixed manner, at least one outward projection capable of passing, when suitably positioned, through Ithe restricted orifice left free by the inward projection of the shank. After it has thus been inserted past the inward projection of the shank, the outward projection of .the tool can be brought, by suitably .turning said tool about the axis of the shank, into a position such that these two projections engage each other when the tool is being pulled backward.

In the example illustrated by Figs. 8 to 13 inclusive, the elements above mentioned are made as follows:

'Ihe rivet shank includes two inward projections 30 and 3, diametrally opposed and symmetrical (Fig. 12), these projections extending each (in section by a plane at right angles to the axis of the rivet shank) over an angle A smaller .than and for instance equal to 90.

Advantageously, these projections are given the shape clearly shown by Figs. 11 to 13, that is to say, irf particular, a shape complying with the following conditions:

a. In section by the bi-sector plane of angle A (that is to say as shown by Fig. 11), the mean inclination B of .that one of the faces of the inward projection which faces the inner end of the rivet is relatively small, say 10, while the mean inclination C of the other face of the inward projection may be much greater, in order to facilitate stamping; and A b. At least some of the sections of the projection of the shank by planes parallel to the axis of the rivet and perpendicular to the loi-sector plane of angle A (such for instance as the section shown by Fig. 13) show, for the face of said inward projection which faces the inner end of contract r withvinward projections '30 and 3300 `for exerting thereon the necessary thrust) have a concavity (Fig. Ik13) corresponding to the rvconvexity of thecorresponding -faces oi saidl inward projections; and

d. Means for'y exerting onsaid pulling means the veifortnecessa-'ry for deforming therivet-shank sofas to foimfa'lange thereon. ''\-Inth'eparticular embodiment illustrated by sists of a vlinger 26 adapted to slide in a body ori'abutment 21 Aadapted to slide yin an enlarged portion of said body 9.

The means for exerting the necessary pull consists of a rod- 28 adapted to slide axially in iinger 26,l this rod including a head, projecting from the free end of finger 26 and provided with the outward projections '25 and 2500. A collar 29 is fixed to rod 28 intermediate its ends in position forreciprocating movements Within body 9.

A spring 30 is interposed between -this collar 29 and a partition 9a within body 9, so as to push rod 28 upwardly.

Another spring, Ito wit 3|, is interposed between collar 29 and abutment 21.

,9, `,this finger being provided with a shoulder I provide, at the lower end of rod 2B, means for turning said rod about its axis, such means consisting, for instance, of a rotatable handle 32 provided with a socket 33 of square-shaped inner The rivet to be fitted can then be mounted A on the-riveting tool in the position shown by Figs. 8 and 11, spring 3| serving to hold finger -26 pressed against projections 3 and 300.

When, after having inserted said rivet in the holes of the plates to be assembled together by` riveting, rod 28 is pulled downwardly by means of lever 34, the rivet shank is crushed against the rear face of the inner plate, as a consequence of the thrust transmitted to the inward projections 3 and 300 of the rivet shank by the outward projections 250 and 2500 of the head of rod 28.

After .the riveting has thus been performed, it suices, after having released lever 34, to turn handle 32 through 90 for bringing the respective projections of rod 28 and rivet I out of engagement with one another. The riveting Itool can then be slipped out from the rivet.

The preceding description makes it unnecessary to enter into further explanations concerning the operation and advantages of the riveting tool according to the invention.

According to still another featurer of the invention, which may be used separately, theriveting tool is provided with a mandrel capabley of lling with vva 'slight play Aat least va part of the portioneof lthe inside' of .the rivet which corre` corresponding to 'the axial `section shown by lliand the cross sectionshown by Fig. 12 `(line 0 of this-1last`mentioned ligure) whereby said finger supports the portions ofthe wall of the rivet located between the inward 'projections 3vand- 30 thereof vand prevents saidportions vfrom being moved toward eachother under the eiect of the axial thrust exerted on said projections 3 and "30 andi which tends, of course, to force these projections 'toward each other.

With such an arrangement of finger 2`6,i't is advantageous to place collar 29 in a posi-tion such that, at rest, projections 250 and 2500 are very close to the terminal edge of finger 26 but can y be moved away therefrom, against the action of spring 31, to such a distance that, once the rivet has been fully engaged on nger 26, it is possible, by turning handle 32 while the rivet is kept in position, to cause projections 25 and 250 to slip over projections 3 and 300 and into engagement therewith.

When rodl 28 is being pulled downwardly, nger 26 follows the movement of said rod and its presence inside the rivet prevents any deforma- .tion thereof toward the inside and ensures the satisfactory formation of the fixation flange resulting from the deformation of` the metal shank l.

Of course, the above features are not limitative and for instance the bearing faces of inward projections 3 and 300 might be concave instead of convex as shown by Fig. 13, while the corresponding faces of outward projections 25 and 2500 would be convex instead of concave as shown by the same figure. i

In a general manner, while I have, in the above description, disclosed what I deem to be practicall and eicient embodiments of the present invention, it should be well understood that I do not wish to be limited thereto as there might be changes made in the arrangement,disposition and form of the parts without departing from the principle of the present invention as comprehended within the scope of the appended claims. l

What I claim is:

l. A riveting tool which comprises, in cornbination, a body, a compression abutment carried bysaid body for exerting a rearward thrust, a member slidable in said body adapted to support a hollow rivet, a head carried by said member at the rear end thereof, radially expansible hooking means carried by said head, means for expanding and retracting said hooking means,

` and means for pulling said member frontwardly with respect to said body.

2. A riveting tool which comprises, in combinati'on, a body, a compression abutment carried by said body adapted to exert a rearward thrust, a member slidable in said body adapted to support a hollow rivet, a head carried by said member at the rear end thereof, radially expansible hooking means carried by said head, means for expanding said hooking means and retracting them, means for pulling said member with respect to said body, and common control means adapted -to operate said two last mentioned means in succession.

3. A riveting tool which comprises, in combination, a body, a compression abutment carried by said body for exerting a rearward thrust, a member slidable in said body adapted to support a hollow rivet, a head carried by said member at the rear end thereof, radially expansible hooking means pivoted to said head, cam means for expanding and retracting said hooking means, a rod extending through said member for operating said cam means, and a single control means for operating said rod and axially moving said member, in succession.

4. A riveting tool comprising, in combination, a body, a compression abutment carried by said body adapted to exert a rearward thrust on a rivet, a member slidable in said body adapted to support a hollow rivet, a rod extending coaxially through said member and axially slidable both in said member and in said body, a headcarried by said rod on the rear side of said member,l at least one radial hooking projection carried by said head, means for moving axially said rod in said body, means for turning said rod about its axis in said body, elastic means for urging said rod frontwardly with respect to said member, and elastic means for urging said rod rearwardly with respect to said body.

5. A riveting tool for securing' at least two parts together by means of a rivet including a hollow shank Vhaving a circular ridge in the rear part thereof which is intended to come behind the rear face of said parts, said riveting tool including means for pressing the front end of said shank against the front face of said parts, a pulling member slidable in said means adapted to penetrate into said shank, a head carried by said member adapted to be introduced in said hollow shank past said inward projection thereof, and expansible hooking means carried by said head adapted to engage said inner ridge of the shank s0 as to permit of pulling said rear part of the shank toward the front.

JEAN EMILE FRANCOIS GOBIN nir DAUD. 

